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Why Marx Was Right, by Terry Eagleton
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In this combative, controversial book, Terry Eagleton takes issue with the prejudice that Marxism is dead and done with. Taking ten of the most common objections to Marxism—that it leads to political tyranny, that it reduces everything to the economic, that it is a form of historical determinism, and so on—he demonstrates in each case what a woeful travesty of Marx's own thought these assumptions are. In a world in which capitalism has been shaken to its roots by some major crises, Why Marx Was Right is as urgent and timely as it is brave and candid. Written with Eagleton's familiar wit, humor, and clarity, it will attract an audience far beyond the confines of academia.
- Sales Rank: #449668 in Books
- Brand: imusti
- Published on: 2012-04-24
- Original language: English
- Number of items: 1
- Dimensions: 8.20" h x .80" w x 5.40" l, .65 pounds
- Binding: Paperback
- 272 pages
Features
Review
"Terry Eagleton takes on some of the most common objections to Marxism and answers each in turn, in a clear, non-technical and often humorous way."—London Review of Books (London Review of Books)
About the Author
Terry Eagleton is currently Distinguished Professor of English Literature at the University of Lancaster, England, and Professor of Cultural Theory at the National University of Ireland, Galway. He lives in Dublin.
Most helpful customer reviews
10 of 10 people found the following review helpful.
Excellent Intro to Marx's Marxism
By William J. Kelleher, Ph.D.
This book is an excellent introduction to Marx’s thought, whether for class assignment or general reading. However, it is not flawless. First, what makes it excellent? As Eagleton observes, Marx is a much “travestied” thinker. (239) Perhaps the most regrettable travesty is the widespread misrepresentation of Marx as an angry, heartless, malevolent determinist, who wants to violently impose a cruel, totalitarian communist system on the world. In ten short, readable chapters, Eagleton addresses the most common and egregious misrepresentations and misconceptions about Marx’s Marxism.
Very much to the contrary of the demonizing propaganda, Eagleton shows that Marx was a humanist with a big heart who was driven by outrage over the way the mass of humanity is being ruthlessly exploited and kept ignorant about its own nature. Marx agreed with Aristotle that man is a political animal. Beyond the Great Greek, Marx condemned the way in which people were being prevented from realizing their true nature. As political animals, people need to have a real role in their political self-determination. Capitalism frustrates the realization of this natural need by presenting a façade of democracy, behind which a ruling class makes the core decisions necessary to serve its own interests at the expense of the self-realization of the masses. They even control the consciousness of the masses by keeping them ignorant of their needs, and telling them they are free individuals. Thus, folks fail to even become aware of the needs they have, and the power they have to throw off their shackles and to fulfill those needs.
Marx’s mission was as much educational as it was political. Far from being an anti-individual “collectivist,” Marx saw communism as a system in support of Free Individuality, a system in which the primary aim is the free development of each and the free development of all. As Eagleton notes, Marx envisioned communism as a system that could deliver on the promise made by the Enlightenment’s Liberal philosophy of individual freedom for self-development. Indeed, Marx’s central critique of capitalism is that it reduces the individual to a fragment of a person, and an appendage to a machine. In capitalism, the individual is forced to develop only those work skills necessary to produce a profit for the capitalist. In communism, as Marx envisioned it, the necessary work would be done to meet the basic needs of everyone, and this would be done in ways that enabled everyone to participate in all the important decision making processes, economic and political. Marx wanted true democracy for all, not just democracy on Election Day. Also, Marx wanted to avoid violence where possible, and said that people in representative democracies like Great Britain and the USA could change the system through elections.
While his presentation of Marx’s Marxism is excellent in its emphasis on Free Individuality, Eagleton misconstrues Marx in at least three notable ways. Marx was totally committed to Human Emancipation. But Eagleton doesn’t seem to get that point. He confuses that with political emancipation – like for oppressed groups (such as women, LGBT, racial groups, etc.). Marx intended communism to Free Humanity from oppression, not just through reforms group by group, but through revolution if necessary. He made this clear in his essay On the Jewish Question. Secondly, Marx did NOT use communism as his standard by which to criticize capitalism. He never defined communism by specifying what kind of institutions it would have. His focus was always on inhumane social relations in the capitalist system, their nature and causes. Marx left it up to folks in the future to make their own institutions as necessary. But Eagleton writes of communism as if it were Marx’s Shangri-La, or a final resting place for the human soul, like the Christian Heaven. (See my essay Formal Axiology and Karl Marx.)
Finally, bordering on the ridiculous, Eagleton suggests that everyone in a communist system will be an aesthetic, like himself – a professional literary critic in England. He seems to envision a Man of Leisure, or an English Gentleman, passing his days painting portraits of his garden. Sorry, bro. People will still have to work, but work will be freely organized so that it both produces the necessities of life in abundance, and empowers all the workers to fulfill their nature as political animals, or species beings. Do as you please after work. That’s Marx’s idea of the good life.
William J. Kelleher, Ph.D.
2 of 2 people found the following review helpful.
A most necessary and important book
By Prometheus
A most necessary and important book about a most necessary and important man. As always Eagleton is a pleasure to read. Marx's real thought and writings have been so intellectually corrupted by rightwing idiots or left wing idealists it is beyond tragic. Eagleton does a great job at setting the record straight. Although he made a solid case he left a lot of intellectual artillery unused. I'm sure he had his reasons. Somebody should take this book and finish the job with even finer detail.
0 of 0 people found the following review helpful.
A brilliant polemic. A must read for all revolutionary leftists
By Brett
A brilliant polemic. A must read for all revolutionary leftists, especially Marxists. Every page contains fiery arguments in defense of Marx's philosophy. I cannot recommend it highly enough.
Terry Eagleton is a passionate intellectual who writes crystal clear prose, who constructs solid arguments, who sprinkles his wry sense of humor onto every page, and who is a deeply compassionate human being.
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